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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">voprecotest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вопросы экономики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Voprosy Ekonomiki</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0042-8736</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32609/0042-8736-2018-11-85-104</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">voprecotest-1519</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДЕНЕЖНО-КРЕДИТНАЯ ПОЛИТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MONETARY POLICY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Перекредитованность россиян: миф или реальность?</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Over-indebtedness of Russians: Myth or reality?</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузина</surname><given-names>О. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuzina</surname><given-names>O. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кузина Ольга Евгеньевна, к. э. н., PhD, проф., с. н. с. Лаборатории экономико-социологических исследований НИУ ВШЭ</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga E. Kuzina</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kuzina@hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крупенский</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krupenskiy</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Крупенский Никита Александрович, к. т. н., с. н. с. Института статистических исследований и экономики знаний НИУ ВШЭ</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikita A. Krupenskiy</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nkrupensky@hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики» (НИУ ВШЭ)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research University Higher School of Economics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>11</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>11</issue><fpage>85</fpage><lpage>104</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP, 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/1519">https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/1519</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье оценивается уровень закредитованности и перекредитованности россиян. Несмотря на то что, по данным официальной статистики, уровень закредитованности населения в России один из самых низких в мире, доля проблемных розничных кредитов выше, чем в странах с более высокой долговой нагрузкой населения. В 2015—2017 гг. каждый четвертый индивид из имевших непогашенный кредит расходовал на оплату кредита больше 30% своего дохода. Это объясняется тем, что в России в структуре розничных кредитов преобладают кредиты на потребительские товары, которые берутся на короткий срок и под высокую ставку, поэтому обслуживание сравнительно небольших по объему кредитов для российских домохозяйств создает большую, чем в Европе и США, нагрузку на семейный бюджет. В связи с этим увеличение объема банковского розничного кредитования не будет устойчивым без изменения банками своей бизнес-модели и без перехода от системы краткосрочных потребительских кредитов к долгосрочным займам, обеспеченным залогами в виде недвижимости или других активов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The main objective of the study is to assess the level of indebtedness and over-indebtedness of Russians. Despite the fact that according to official statistics, the level of household indebtedness in Russia is one of the lowest in the world, the percentage share of non-performing loans is higher than in the countries with a higher level of household indebtedness. During 2015—2017, every fourth of those who had an outstanding loan in Russia spent more than 30% of his or her income on paying back a loan. The reason is that in Russia, within retail lending consumer loans prevail over mortgages. Consumer loans are taken for a short time and at a high interest rate. As a result, debt service of relatively small loans creates a greater burden on the family budget for Russians than in Europe and the United States. In this context, the increase of retail lending can only be sustainable if banks change their business model and transit from short-term consumer credits to long-term loans secured by real estate or other assets.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>розничное кредитование</kwd><kwd>долговая нагрузка</kwd><kwd>перекредитованность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>retail lending</kwd><kwd>debt load</kwd><kwd>over-lending</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Банк России (2017). Сведения о рынке жилищного (ипотечного жилищного) кредитования в России: 2012—2016. [Bank of Russia (2017). 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