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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">voprecotest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вопросы экономики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Voprosy Ekonomiki</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0042-8736</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32609/0042-8736-2015-12-69-84</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">voprecotest-148</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МАКРОЭКОНОМИЧЕСКАЯ ПОЛИТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MACROECONOMIC POLICY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Структурные факторы замедления роста российской экономики</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Structural Factors of Russian Economic Slowdown</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Орлова</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Orlova</surname><given-names>N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ph.D., проф., главный экономист, руководитель Центра макроэкономического анализа Альфа-Банка (Москва)</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">norlova@alfabank.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Егиев</surname><given-names>С. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Egiev</surname><given-names>S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант, стажерисследователь НИУ ВШЭ (Москва)</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">s.egiev@hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Альфа Банк</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Alfa Bank</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>НИУ ВШЭ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research University Higher School of Economics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>12</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>12</issue><fpage>69</fpage><lpage>84</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP, 2015</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/148">https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/148</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье анализируются структурные факторы замедления роста российской экономики, в частности проблемы основного капитала и слабость рынка труда. Расчеты, сделанные в 2015 г. с помощью многомерного фильтра, показывают, что потенциальные темпы роста ВВП России замедлились и в ближайшие годы составят 0,5-1,0% ВВП в год. В этой ситуации требуется новая стратегия развития: импортозамещение, которое представляется приоритетным, на самом деле формировало контекст экономической политики России, начиная с 2000-х годов, и не смогло предотвратить структурное замедление экономики. Политика экспортоориентированного роста, исходя из опыта других стран, выглядит более привлекательной, но не может быть реализована в условиях слабого мирового спроса. Чтобы вывести страну из стагнации, необходимо существенно повысить внутреннюю эффективность экономики, особенно ее госсектора.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This article considers structural factors of Russian economic slowdown, particularly capital stock dynamics and labor market. Potential growth as of 2015 is estimated with a multivariate filter. The results indicate the structural slowdown of Russian economic growth to 0.5-1.0% per year. Low growth rates call for a new development strategy as the import-substitution approach that framed economic policy since the 2000s has failed to prevent the slowdown. Export-oriented strategy is more promising but will be hard to implement in an environment of weak global demand. Productivity improvement, particularly in the state sector, is necessary for averting stagnation.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>структурное замедление</kwd><kwd>потенциальный рост</kwd><kwd>импортозамещение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>structural slowdown</kwd><kwd>potential GDP</kwd><kwd>import substitution</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бессонов В. (2011). 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