voprecotestВопросы экономикиVoprosy Ekonomiki0042-8736Voprosy Ekonomiki, NPvoprecotest-1451Research ArticleМАКРОЭКОНОМИКАMACROECONOMICSПринципы финансирования структурных реформPrinciples of Structural Reforms FinancingРедакционнаястатьяEditorialArticleВсемирный банкСоединённые Штаты АмерикиWorld BankUnited States20052006200506433Copyright © Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP, 20052005Voprosy Ekonomiki, NPVoprosy Ekonomiki, NPhttps://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNoticehttps://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/1451

Высокие темпы экономического роста в сочетании со сдержанной бюджетной политикой в послекризисный период позволили России снять проблему внешнего долга и решить ряд других бюджетных проблем. Вместе с тем проводимая бюджетная политика по-прежнему носит проциклический характер, что чревато возникновением бюджетных проблем в будущем. Необходимость реализации масштабных структурных реформ требует разработки методологии расчета потребностей в их бюджетном финансировании, а также согласования этих потребностей с возможностями бюджета. Результаты применения подобной методологии на примере реформ государственной службы, пенсионной системы и сферы ЖКХ представлены в настоящем материале.

В нем также обосновывается необходимость законодательного утверждения специальных финансовых правил в отношении размеров государственного долга и бюджетного дефицита и предлагается конкретный набор таких правил. Их применение позволит российскому правительству поддерживать бюджетную стабильность при различных уровнях нефтяных цен и в разных фазах экономического цикла при адекватном финансировании структурных реформ, что сделает бюджетную политику более предсказуемой и устойчивой. Кроме того, принятие предложенных финансовых правил будет содействовать успешной реализации Концепции реформирования бюджетного процесса в двух приоритетных областях: внедрение среднесрочного бюджетного планирования и разделение бюджетных расходов на бюджет существующих и бюджет новых обязательств.

High rates of economic growth together with the reserved fiscal policy during the post-crisis period have lifted the debt problem and allowed to solve some other fiscal problems in Russia. At the same time, the fiscal policy that has been carrying out remains pro-cyclical thereby posing a risk of fiscal problems emergence in future. The necessity of implementation of scaled structural reforms requires the development of a methodology of estimating fiscal costs of such reforms that would be consistent with fiscal constraints. The benefits of application of such a methodology with reference to the civil service, pension, and housing and utilities reforms are illustrated in the present Chapter. The Chapter also argues for the need to legally approve special fiscal rules related to the size of public debt and budget deficit and presents a concrete set of such rules. Their application will allow the Russian government to maintain fiscal stability at different oil prices and in different phases of economic cycle while providing adequate financing for structural reforms, which will make the budget policy more predictable and sustainable. In addition, the approval of the proposed fiscal rules will help in successful implementation of the Concept of the Budget Process Reform in two priority areas: introduction of medium-term budgeting and splitting budget expenditures into existing and new spending commitments.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.