voprecotestВопросы экономикиVoprosy Ekonomiki0042-8736Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP10.32609/0042-8736-2008-8-45-60voprecotest-1336Research ArticleЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ ИНСТИТУТЫ: ТЕОРИЯ И ПРАКТИКАECONOMIC INSTITUTIONS: THEORY AND PRACTICEИнституты и индивиды: взаимодействие и эволюцияInstitutions and Individuals: Interaction and EvolutionХоджсонДж.HodgsonG.

профессор

Университет ХартфордшираВеликобританияUniversity of HertfordshireUnited Kingdom200820082008084560Copyright © Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP, 20082008Voprosy Ekonomiki, NPVoprosy Ekonomiki, NPhttps://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNoticehttps://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/1336

По мнению автора, центральным вопросом социальной науки является  осмысление отношений между индивидом и социальной структурой. В статье  рассмотрены некоторые современные тенденции в теориях социальной структуры и индивидуальной деятельности и предложен новый подход, основанный на концепции  привычек, восходящей к философии и социологии прагматизма, а также к  институциональной экономике Т. Веблена. Критикуются методологический  индивидуализм и холизм за одностороннее понимание взаимодействия индивидов и  институтов. Автор показывает, каким образом процессы привыкания формируют  механизм нисходящих причинных обусловленностей, воспроизводящих индивидуальное  действие, в рамках которого институциональные обстоятельства могут влиять на  индивидуальные предпочтения.

The author claims that the conceptualization of the relation between individual and structure is central to social science. This paper overviews some recent developments in the social theory of structure and agency, and makes a novel addition, based on a concept of habit derived from pragmatist philosophy and sociology and from Veblenian institutional economics. The author shows how processes of habituation provide a mechanism of ‘reconstitutive downward causation’ where institutional circumstances may affect individual preferences. Finally, special characteristics of organizations are discussed, endorsing an evolutionary analytical approach that combines insights from both evolutionary economics and organization science.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.