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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">voprecotest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вопросы экономики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Voprosy Ekonomiki</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0042-8736</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32609/0042-8736-2011-9-42-65</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">voprecotest-1148</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НАЦИОНАЛЬНЫЕ ОБРАЗЫ НАУКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>NATIONAL IMAGES OF SCIENCE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Фундаментальная наука в Америке, 1776—1876</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Abstract Science in America, 1776—1876</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ньюком</surname><given-names>С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Newcomb</surname><given-names>S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives></contrib></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2011</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>09</month><year>2011</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>9</issue><fpage>42</fpage><lpage>65</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP, 2011</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2011</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/1148">https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/1148</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье известного ученого - астронома, физика и экономиста - С. Ньюкома (1835-1909) представлена панорама развития американской науки в XIX в. Автор анализирует причины неудовлетворительного состояния науки в США, сравнивает институциональные аспекты организации науки в Америке тех лет и в Европе. Он показывает, что причиной отставания США был не интеллектуальный потенциал (например, недостаток образования), а недостаточная заинтересованность общества в научном знании, недостаточный спрос на науку. Для преодоления такое безразличия общество должно было осознать важность и огромные прикладные возможности фундаментальной науки, что, как показало дальнейшее развитие, и вывело США в разряд передовых научных держав мира.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The paper written by the famous American scientist - astronomer, physicist, and economist S. Newcomb (1835-1909) reviews the development of American science in the 19th century. The author analyzes factors of the poor state of science in the USA and compares institutional and organizational features of science in America and in Europe. He shows that the USA lags behind not because of the lack of intellectual potential (such as low level of education), but due to the lack of interest on the part of society and to the absence of demand for science. It is possible to overcome this indifference if the society realizes the importance of abstract science and enormous practical opportunities stemming from it.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>история науки</kwd><kwd>экономика науки</kwd><kwd>США</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>history of science</kwd><kwd>economics of science</kwd><kwd>USA</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Benjamin M. Simon Newcomb // Leading American Men of Science/ D. S. Jordan (ed.). N. Y.: Henry Holt &amp;amp; Co., 1910.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Benjamin M. Simon Newcomb // Leading American Men of Science/ D. S. Jordan (ed.). N. Y.: Henry Holt &amp;amp; Co., 1910.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Darwin C. More Letters. Vol. 2. L.: D. Appleton&amp;amp;Co., 1903.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Darwin C. More Letters. Vol. 2. L.: D. Appleton&amp;amp;Co., 1903.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fisher I. Obituary. S. Newcomb // Economic Journal. 1909. Vol. 19, No 76. P. 641-644.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fisher I. Obituary. S. Newcomb // Economic Journal. 1909. Vol. 19, No 76. P. 641-644.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Newcomb S. Abstract Science in America, 1776-1876 // North American Review. 1876. Vol. 122. Р. 88-123.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Newcomb S. Abstract Science in America, 1776-1876 // North American Review. 1876. Vol. 122. Р. 88-123.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Newcomb S. Principles of Political Economy. N. Y.: Harper &amp;amp; Brothers, 1886.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Newcomb S. Principles of Political Economy. N. Y.: Harper &amp;amp; Brothers, 1886.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
