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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">voprecotest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вопросы экономики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Voprosy Ekonomiki</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0042-8736</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32609/0042-8736-2015-8-58-72</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">voprecotest-106</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫЕ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ ИНСТИТУТЫ И РОССИЯ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Как США обеспечили победу доллара в Бреттон-Вудсе</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Dollar’s triumph in Bretton Woods: how was it done?</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Буторина</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Butorina</surname><given-names>O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д. э.н., проф., замдиректора ФГБУН ФАНО Институт Европы Российской академии наук (Москва)</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">e_integration@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУН ФАНО Институт Европы Российской академии наук (Москва)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Europe, RAS (Moscow, Russia)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>08</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>8</issue><fpage>58</fpage><lpage>72</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP, 2015</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/106">https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/106</self-uri><abstract><p>Объясняя, почему Бреттон-Вудская конференция 1944 г. поставила доллар в центр международной валютной системы, экономисты обычно указывают на возросшую экономическую мощь США, их огромный золотой запас. Однако остается неясным, были ли эти условия достаточными для введения золото-долларового стандарта и исключали ли они другие варианты устройства мировой валютной системы. Анализ исторического материала показывает, что для победы в Бреттон-Вудсе США провели эффективный дипломатический маневр. Он позволил пресечь всеобщий переход к фидуциарным деньгам, сохранить роль золота и выстроить жестко иерархичную международную валютную систему во главе с долларом.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The increased economic power of the United States and their enormous golden reserves are the main reasons used by economists to explain why the Bretton Woods conference of 1944 put the dollar in the centre of a new international financial system. However, it is not clear if these conditions were sufficient for the introduction of a gold (de facto dollar) standard and excluded any other type of international financial order. The study of historical data reveals an effective diplomatic maneuver conducted by the U.S. administration with an aim to prevent a global transit to fiat money, to keep the importance of gold and to build a strictly hierarchical international financial system.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Бреттон-Вудская конференция</kwd><kwd>международная валютная система</kwd><kwd>доллар США</kwd><kwd>иерархия валют</kwd><kwd>золотой стандарт</kwd><kwd>фидуциарные деньги</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Bretton Woods Conference</kwd><kwd>international monetary system</kwd><kwd>US dollar</kwd><kwd>currency hierarchy</kwd><kwd>gold standard</kwd><kwd>fiat money</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Вознесенский Н. А. (1948). Военная экономика СССР в период Отечественной войны. 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