<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">voprecotest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вопросы экономики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Voprosy Ekonomiki</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0042-8736</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32609/0042-8736-2010-3-132-146</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">voprecotest-1007</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности дивидендной политики российских компаний и интересы инвесторов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Dividend Policy of Russian Companies and the Investors Interests</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ружанская</surname><given-names>Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ruzhanskaya</surname><given-names>L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат экономических наук, доцент экономического факультета</p><p> </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лукьянов</surname><given-names>С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lukyanov</surname><given-names>S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор экономических наук, доцент экономического факультета</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Уральский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ural State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2010</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>03</month><year>2010</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>132</fpage><lpage>146</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP, 2010</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2010</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/1007">https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/1007</self-uri><abstract><p>В работе предпринята попытка выделить основные факторы, обусловливающие выбор параметров дивидендной политики. Анализируя практику российских компаний, авторы приходят к выводу, что, несмотря на нерегулярность и в большинстве случаев отказ от выплат отечественными акционерными обществами, можно выделить общие с компаниями стран с развитой рыночной экономикой черты: концентрация дивидендов и распространение обратного выкупа акций. Специфические черты выплат стали следствием низкого качества институтов, приводящего к существенным агентским издержкам на фирмах: размер заемного капитала не является значимым ограничением для выплат дивидендов; эффект сглаживания дивидендов практически отсутствует, структура собственности влияет на выплаты; крупные прибыльные компании выплачивают дивиденды в том числе как компенсацию за плохое качество корпоративного управления. Мотивы крупных инвесторов, сохраняющих за собой контроль в компаниях, являются основным фактором, определяющим решения о выплате и размере дивидендов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The paper concentrates on revealing basiс factors causing parameters of dividend policy. Analyzing practice of the Russian corporations, the authors conclude that, despite irregularity and in most cases refusal of payments by joint-stock companies, it is possible to determine similar features with the companies from the developed countries: concentration of dividends and circulation of the buy-back. Specific characteristics of dividend policy have become a consequence of poor quality of institutions leading to significant agency costs in firms: debt is not an essential restriction for payments of dividends; the effect of smoothing dividends is absent, the structure of ownership influences payments; large profitable companies pay dividends, also as a substitute for bad quality of corporate governance. Incentives of large shareholders reserving control over the companies are the main factor defining decisions on payment and the size of dividends.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>институты</kwd><kwd>корпоративное управление</kwd><kwd>дивиденды</kwd><kwd>российские компании</kwd><kwd>фондовый рынок</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>institutions</kwd><kwd>corporate governance</kwd><kwd>dividends</kwd><kwd>Russian companies</kwd><kwd>stock market</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Авдашева С. Российские холдинги: новые эмпирические свидетельства // Вопросы экономики. 2007. № 1. С. 98-111.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Авдашева С. Российские холдинги: новые эмпирические свидетельства // Вопросы экономики. 2007. № 1. С. 98-111.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ивашковская И. В., Константинов Г. Н., Филонович С. Р. Становление корпорации в контексте жизненного цикла организации // Российский журнал менеджмента. 2004. № 4. С. 19-34.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ивашковская И. В., Константинов Г. Н., Филонович С. Р. Становление корпорации в контексте жизненного цикла организации // Российский журнал менеджмента. 2004. № 4. С. 19-34.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Исследование информационной прозрачности российских компаний в 2007 г.: незначительный прогресс на фоне резкого снижения количества IPO / Standard &amp;amp; Poor's. http://www.standard.ru.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Исследование информационной прозрачности российских компаний в 2007 г.: незначительный прогресс на фоне резкого снижения количества IPO / Standard &amp;amp; Poor's. http://www.standard.ru.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Корпоративное управление - гармонизация стандартов России и ЕС. М.: НСКУ, 2006.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Корпоративное управление - гармонизация стандартов России и ЕС. М.: НСКУ, 2006.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Национальный доклад по корпоративному управлению. Вып. 2. М.: НСКУ, 2009.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Национальный доклад по корпоративному управлению. Вып. 2. М.: НСКУ, 2009.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Опыт и перспективы корпоративного управления в России // Журнал НСКУ. 2007. № 3.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Опыт и перспективы корпоративного управления в России // Журнал НСКУ. 2007. № 3.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Паппэ Я. Ш. Российский крупный бизнес как экономический феномен: особенности становления и современного этапа развития // Проблемы прогнозирования. 2002. № 1. С. 29-46.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Паппэ Я. Ш. Российский крупный бизнес как экономический феномен: особенности становления и современного этапа развития // Проблемы прогнозирования. 2002. № 1. С. 29-46.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Паппэ Я. Ш. Российский крупный бизнес как экономический феномен: специфические черты, модели его организации // Проблемы прогнозирования. 2002. № 2. С. 83-97.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Паппэ Я. Ш. Российский крупный бизнес как экономический феномен: специфические черты, модели его организации // Проблемы прогнозирования. 2002. № 2. С. 83-97.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Петраков Н. Я. Некоторые особенности политики российских компаний в распределении доходов и использовании кредитных ресурсов. http://www.cemi.rssi.ru/mei/articles/petr04-3.pdf.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Петраков Н. Я. Некоторые особенности политики российских компаний в распределении доходов и использовании кредитных ресурсов. http://www.cemi.rssi.ru/mei/articles/petr04-3.pdf.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Симачев Ю. В., Кузык М. Г. Создание государственных корпораций как значительный элемент институциональной политики в 2007 году // Российская экономика в 2007 г.: тенденции и перспективы. М.: ИЭПП, 2008.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Симачев Ю. В., Кузык М. Г. Создание государственных корпораций как значительный элемент институциональной политики в 2007 году // Российская экономика в 2007 г.: тенденции и перспективы. М.: ИЭПП, 2008.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Barnea A., Ronen J., Sadan S. The Implementation of Accounting Objectives: An Application to Extraordinary Items // Accounting Review. 1975. Vol. 50, No 1. P. 58-68.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Barnea A., Ronen J., Sadan S. The Implementation of Accounting Objectives: An Application to Extraordinary Items // Accounting Review. 1975. Vol. 50, No 1. P. 58-68.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bekaert G., Harvey C. R. Emerging Markets Finance // Journal of Empirical Finance. 2003. Vol. 10, No 2. P. 3-55.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bekaert G., Harvey C. R. Emerging Markets Finance // Journal of Empirical Finance. 2003. Vol. 10, No 2. P. 3-55.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Berle A., Means G. The Modern Corporation and Private Property. N. Y.: Macmillan, 1932.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Berle A., Means G. The Modern Corporation and Private Property. N. Y.: Macmillan, 1932.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brav A., Graham J. R., Harvey C. R., Michaely R. Payout Policy in the 21st Century // Journal of Financial Economics. 2005. Vol. 77, No 3. Р. 483-527.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brav A., Graham J. R., Harvey C. R., Michaely R. Payout Policy in the 21st Century // Journal of Financial Economics. 2005. Vol. 77, No 3. Р. 483-527.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">DeAngelo H., DeAngelo L., Skinner D. J. Are Dividends Disappearing? Dividend Concentration and the Consolidation of Earnings // Journal of Financial Economics. 2004. Vol. 72, No 2.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">DeAngelo H., DeAngelo L., Skinner D. J. Are Dividends Disappearing? Dividend Concentration and the Consolidation of Earnings // Journal of Financial Economics. 2004. Vol. 72, No 2.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Denis D. J., Osobov I. Why do Firms Pay Dividends? International Evidence on the Determinants of Dividend Policy // Journal of Financial Economics. 2008. Vol. 89, No 2.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Denis D. J., Osobov I. Why do Firms Pay Dividends? International Evidence on the Determinants of Dividend Policy // Journal of Financial Economics. 2008. Vol. 89, No 2.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dittmar A. K., Dittmar R. F. Stock Repurchase Waves: An Explanation of the Trends in Aggregate Corporate Payout Policy // Indiana University Working paper. 2002.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dittmar A. K., Dittmar R. F. Stock Repurchase Waves: An Explanation of the Trends in Aggregate Corporate Payout Policy // Indiana University Working paper. 2002.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dye R. A. Earnings Management in an Overlapping Generations Model // Journal of Accounting Research. 1988. Vol. 26, No 2. P. 195-235.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dye R. A. Earnings Management in an Overlapping Generations Model // Journal of Accounting Research. 1988. Vol. 26, No 2. P. 195-235.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fama E. F., French K. R. Disappearing Dividends: Changing Firm Characteristics or Lower Propensity to Pay? // Journal of Financial Economics. 2001. Vol. 60, No 1.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fama E. F., French K. R. Disappearing Dividends: Changing Firm Characteristics or Lower Propensity to Pay? // Journal of Financial Economics. 2001. Vol. 60, No 1.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fudenberg D., Tirole J. A Theory of Income and Dividend Smoothing Based on Incumbency Rents // Journal of Political Economy. 1995. Vol. 103, No 2. P. 75-93.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fudenberg D., Tirole J. A Theory of Income and Dividend Smoothing Based on Incumbency Rents // Journal of Political Economy. 1995. Vol. 103, No 2. P. 75-93.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Goel A. M. Why Do Firms Smooth Earnings? // Journal of Business. 2003. Vol. 76, No 1. P. 151-192.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Goel A. M. Why Do Firms Smooth Earnings? // Journal of Business. 2003. Vol. 76, No 1. P. 151-192.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Grullon G., Michaely R. Dividends, Share Repurchases, and the Substitution Hypothesis // Thе Journal of Finance. 2002. Vol. 57, No 5. P. 1649-1684.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Grullon G., Michaely R. Dividends, Share Repurchases, and the Substitution Hypothesis // Thе Journal of Finance. 2002. Vol. 57, No 5. P. 1649-1684.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gugler K. Corporate Governance, Dividend Payout Policy, and the Interrelation Between Dividends, R&amp;amp;D, and Capital Investment // Journal of Banking and Finance. 2003. Vol. 27, No 6. P. 1297-1321.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gugler K. Corporate Governance, Dividend Payout Policy, and the Interrelation Between Dividends, R&amp;amp;D, and Capital Investment // Journal of Banking and Finance. 2003. Vol. 27, No 6. P. 1297-1321.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jensen M. C., Meckling W. Theory of the Firm: Managerial Behavior, Agency Costs, and Ownership Structure // Journal of Financial Economics. 1976. Vol. 36, No 3.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jensen M. C., Meckling W. Theory of the Firm: Managerial Behavior, Agency Costs, and Ownership Structure // Journal of Financial Economics. 1976. Vol. 36, No 3.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Johnson R. B. The Board of Directors Over Time: Composition and the Organizational Life Cycle // International Journal of Management. 1997. Vol. 14, No 3. P. 339-345.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Johnson R. B. The Board of Directors Over Time: Composition and the Organizational Life Cycle // International Journal of Management. 1997. Vol. 14, No 3. P. 339-345.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kowalewski O., Stetsyuk I., Talavera O. Corporate Governance and Dividend Policy in Poland // German Institute for Economic Research Discussion Paper No 702. Berlin, 2007.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kowalewski O., Stetsyuk I., Talavera O. Corporate Governance and Dividend Policy in Poland // German Institute for Economic Research Discussion Paper No 702. Berlin, 2007.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">La Porta R., Lopez-de-Silanes F., Shleifer A., Vishny R. Agency Рroblems and Dividend Policies Around the World // Journal of Finance. 2000. Vol. 55, No 1. P. 1-33.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">La Porta R., Lopez-de-Silanes F., Shleifer A., Vishny R. Agency Рroblems and Dividend Policies Around the World // Journal of Finance. 2000. Vol. 55, No 1. P. 1-33.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lintner J. Distribution of Income of Corporations Among Dividends, Retained Earnings, and Taxes // American Economic Review. 1956. Vol. 46, No 2.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lintner J. Distribution of Income of Corporations Among Dividends, Retained Earnings, and Taxes // American Economic Review. 1956. Vol. 46, No 2.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Michaely R., Roberts M. Dividend Smoothing, Agency Costs, And Information Asymmetry: Lessons from the Dividend Policies of Private Firms // Cornell University Working paper. 2006.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Michaely R., Roberts M. Dividend Smoothing, Agency Costs, And Information Asymmetry: Lessons from the Dividend Policies of Private Firms // Cornell University Working paper. 2006.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Miller M. H., Modigliani F. Dividend Policy, Growth, and the Valuation of Shares // Journal of Business. 1961. Vol. 34, No 4.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Miller M. H., Modigliani F. Dividend Policy, Growth, and the Valuation of Shares // Journal of Business. 1961. Vol. 34, No 4.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Officer M. S. Dividend Policy, Dividend Initiations, and Governance // University of Southern California Working Paper. 2006.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Officer M. S. Dividend Policy, Dividend Initiations, and Governance // University of Southern California Working Paper. 2006.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Renneboog L., Szilagyi P. How Relevant Is Dividend Policy Under Low Shareholder Protection? // Tilburg University Working paper. 2006.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Renneboog L., Szilagyi P. How Relevant Is Dividend Policy Under Low Shareholder Protection? // Tilburg University Working paper. 2006.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rozeff M. Growth, Beta, and Agency Costs as Determinants of Dividend Payout Ratios // Journal of Financial Research. 1982. Vol. 17, No 5. P. 249-259.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rozeff M. Growth, Beta, and Agency Costs as Determinants of Dividend Payout Ratios // Journal of Financial Research. 1982. Vol. 17, No 5. P. 249-259.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shumilov A., Volchkova N. Russian Business Groups: Substitutes For Missing Institutions? // CEFIR Working Paper No 50. 2005.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shumilov A., Volchkova N. Russian Business Groups: Substitutes For Missing Institutions? // CEFIR Working Paper No 50. 2005.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
